分类: Battery Knowledge

Battery Knowledge

  • 2026 07 12 6 Dzm Ranges Electric Motorcycle 2026

    6-DZM Series 12V Deep Cycle Range: Electric Motorcycle & High-Power E-Bike Procurement Guide (2026)

    For electric motorcycle manufacturers, high-power e-bike OEMs, and high-performance e-scooter packagers, CHISEN’s 6-DZM series is the high-power variant of the deep-cycle family, designed specifically for high-discharge traction applications. The 6-DZM series shares the same 12V block form factor as the DMF series but uses thicker plates and reinforced grid structure optimized for high-discharge duty cycles — the kind of duty cycle seen in electric motorcycles, performance e-bikes, and high-power e-scooters.

    This guide walks through CHISEN’s 6-DZM capacity range, shows you which applications require the high-power DZM chemistry over the standard DMF chemistry, and provides the procurement framework for selecting the correct 6-DZM capacity for your electric motorcycle or high-power e-bike program.

    CHISEN 6-DZM Series: Complete Capacity Range

    ModelVoltageCapacity (3hr)LengthWidthHeightTotal HWeightTerminal
    6-DZM-1212V12Ah151 mm99 mm99 mm99 mm4.0 kgφ8.0-M5
    6-DZM-2012V20Ah181 mm77 mm170 mm175 mm6.8 kgφ8.0-M5
    6-DZM-3212V32Ah197 mm130 mm168 mm168 mm9.6 kgφ8.0-M5
    6-DZM-4012V40Ah197 mm130 mm168 mm168 mm12.0 kgφ8.0-M5
    6-DZM-5212V52Ah224 mm135 mm175 mm175 mm15.6 kgφ8.0-M5
    6-DZM-6012V60Ah260 mm168 mm175 mm175 mm18.0 kgφ8.0-M5

    The 6-DZM series splits into two functional groups:

    • Low-power group (12–20Ah): 6-DZM-12 and 6-DZM-20 — for high-performance e-bikes and mid-power e-scooters where space is constrained
    • High-power group (32–60Ah): 6-DZM-32, 6-DZM-40, 6-DZM-52, 6-DZM-60 — for electric motorcycles, performance e-scooters, and three-wheeled EVs where high current delivery is required

    What Makes the 6-DZM Different from the 6-DMF

    The 6-DZM and 6-DMF look similar on paper (both are 12V sealed AGM batteries), but the engineering is optimized for different duty cycles:

    Engineering Feature6-DMF6-DZM
    Plate thickness2.8–3.0 mm3.2–3.6 mm
    Grid alloyStandard lead-calciumReinforced lead-calcium-tin
    Active material densityStandardHigh density
    Maximum continuous discharge current0.5C (e.g., 16A for 32Ah)1.0C (e.g., 32A for 32Ah)
    Cycle life (80% DoD)250–350 cycles400–500 cycles
    Cycle life (50% DoD)500–700 cycles800–1,000 cycles
    Weight (32Ah model)9.1 kg9.6 kg
    Internal resistanceHigherLower (optimized for high current)
    CostLower15–25% higher

    The thicker plates and reinforced grid structure in the 6-DZM allow the battery to deliver higher continuous current without plate warping or active material shedding. The trade-off is slightly higher cost and slightly higher weight, but the cycle life advantage at high discharge rates is significant.

    For electric motorcycle applications where the battery delivers 200–400A continuous current during acceleration and hill climbing, the 6-DMF would experience accelerated plate degradation. The 6-DZM is designed to handle this high-current duty cycle for 400–500 cycles at 80% DoD, which translates to roughly 1.5–2 years of daily riding in typical electric motorcycle duty.

    Application Matrix for 6-DZM

    ApplicationSystem VoltageRecommended ConfigurationDaily Range
    Performance e-bike (1500W motor)48V4 × 6-DZM-20 (48V 20Ah)50–70 km
    Performance e-bike (2000W motor)48V4 × 6-DZM-32 (48V 32Ah)70–100 km
    Mid-power e-scooter (1500W motor)60V5 × 6-DZM-20 (60V 20Ah)50–70 km
    Mid-power e-scooter (2000W motor)60V5 × 6-DZM-32 (60V 32Ah)70–100 km
    High-power e-scooter (3000W motor)72V6 × 6-DZM-32 (72V 32Ah)70–100 km
    High-power e-scooter (5000W motor)72V6 × 6-DZM-40 (72V 40Ah)100–130 km
    Electric motorcycle (light)72V6 × 6-DZM-40 (72V 40Ah)100–130 km
    Electric motorcycle (standard)72V6 × 6-DZM-52 (72V 52Ah)130–160 km
    Electric motorcycle (heavy)96V8 × 6-DZM-60 (96V 60Ah)160–200 km
    Three-wheeled electric vehicle60V5 × 6-DZM-60 (60V 60Ah)80–110 km
    Three-wheeled cargo vehicle72V6 × 6-DZM-60 (72V 60Ah)110–140 km

    For the most common Chinese-exported electric motorcycle with a 72V 32Ah pack, the standard configuration is six 6-DZM-32 batteries in series. The pack delivers 72V × 32Ah = 2,304 Wh of total energy, which supports 70–100 km of range in typical electric motorcycle duty.

    For a high-end electric motorcycle targeting 130–160 km of range, the standard configuration is six 6-DZM-52 batteries in series (72V × 52Ah = 3,744 Wh). The 60% larger capacity delivers roughly 60% more range, which justifies the price premium for the higher-capacity model.

    Voltage Pack Configurations

    The 6-DZM series combines in series to build higher-voltage battery packs for electric motorcycle applications:

    System VoltageBatteries in SeriesTotal Pack EnergyTypical Vehicle
    48V4 × 6-DZM0.8–1.4 kWhPerformance e-bike
    60V5 × 6-DZM1.0–1.8 kWhMid-power e-scooter
    72V6 × 6-DZM1.2–2.2 kWhHigh-power e-scooter / electric motorcycle
    84V7 × 6-DZM1.4–2.6 kWhHigh-performance electric motorcycle
    96V8 × 6-DZM1.6–2.9 kWhHeavy electric motorcycle

    For a 72V 40Ah electric motorcycle pack (a high-end configuration), the standard is six 6-DZM-40 batteries in series. The total pack energy is 72V × 40Ah = 2,880 Wh, which supports 100–130 km of range per charge.

    For a 96V 60Ah heavy electric motorcycle pack, the standard is eight 6-DZM-60 batteries in series. The total pack energy is 96V × 60Ah = 5,760 Wh, which supports 160–200 km of range per charge — a configuration typically used for cargo and delivery electric motorcycles.

    When to Choose 6-DZM Over 6-DMF

    The decision between 6-DZM and 6-DMF comes down to the maximum continuous discharge current:

    ApplicationMaximum Discharge CurrentRecommended Series
    Standard commuter e-bike (250W motor)10–15A continuous6-DMF (overkill)
    Mid-power e-bike (500W motor)15–25A continuous6-DMF (sufficient)
    High-power e-bike (1000W motor)25–40A continuous6-DZM (recommended)
    Performance e-bike (1500W motor)40–60A continuous6-DZM (required)
    E-scooter (2000W motor)60–80A continuous6-DZM (required)
    High-power e-scooter (3000W motor)80–120A continuous6-DZM (required)
    Electric motorcycle (5000W motor)120–180A continuous6-DZM (required)

    The rule of thumb: if the maximum continuous discharge current exceeds 0.5C of the battery’s rated capacity, use 6-DZM. For a 32Ah battery, 0.5C is 16A — so any application that draws more than 16A continuous should use 6-DZM.

    For e-bikes and small e-scooters below 1000W motor power, the 6-DMF is sufficient. For performance e-bikes, all e-scooters, and electric motorcycles above 1000W, the 6-DZM is the correct choice.

    Total Cost of Ownership for Electric Motorcycle Programs

    For an electric motorcycle OEM placing a 10,000-unit annual order with a 72V 32Ah pack configuration, the total cost of ownership comparison between 6-DMF and 6-DZM is:

    Cost Component6-DMF-326-DZM-32
    Battery cost per unit (5,000-unit tier)6 × $8.65 = $51.906 × $10.40 = $62.40
    Field defect rate (electric motorcycle duty)8%2.5%
    Warranty cost per motorcycle (battery + shipping)$200 × 8% = $16.00$200 × 2.5% = $5.00
    Total cost per motorcycle$67.90$67.40

    Despite the $10.50 higher battery cost, the 6-DZM-32 is $0.50 cheaper per motorcycle in total cost of ownership due to the lower defect rate in high-discharge electric motorcycle duty. For a 10,000-unit annual order, that is $5,000 in annual cost savings — plus a significant improvement in customer satisfaction and brand reputation.

    Lead Time, MOQ, and Pricing

    Standard 6-DZM production orders run on a 15-day lead time for orders under 5,000 units and 25–30 days for full container loads. MOQ is 200 units per model for standard SKUs. CHISEN accepts mixed-capacity orders across the series at the same total MOQ.

    Model1,000 units5,000 units10,000 units20,000 units (40HQ)
    6-DZM-12$7.20$6.75$6.35$5.95
    6-DZM-20$11.80$11.10$10.45$9.80
    6-DZM-32$11.05$10.40$9.80$9.20
    6-DZM-40$13.85$13.00$12.25$11.50
    6-DZM-52$18.20$17.10$16.10$15.10
    6-DZM-60$20.90$19.65$18.50$17.35

    A 20GP container holds approximately 4,000–6,000 units depending on model; a 40HQ holds approximately 10,000–15,000 units. DDP terms are available for the United States, Germany, the UAE, and Brazil.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Can I mix 6-DZM and 6-DMF batteries in the same series string?

    No. Mixing different series batteries in a series string forces the lower-capacity or higher-impedance battery into over-discharge. The 6-DMF has higher internal resistance than the 6-DZM, so the 6-DMF would experience accelerated plate degradation and fail first. Always use identical batteries across the entire series string.

    What is the warranty on the 6-DZM series?

    12 months from B/L date for manufacturing defects. The warranty does not differentiate by model, but field failure due to choosing the wrong series for the application (e.g., 6-DMF in an electric motorcycle) is not covered.

    Can the 6-DZM be fast-charged?

    The 6-DZM accepts charge current up to 0.3C (e.g., 9.6A for a 32Ah cell) without damage. For faster charging (0.5C or higher), use a charger with temperature compensation and voltage limit. Standard e-bike / e-scooter chargers deliver 0.2C, which is well within the safe range.

    What about BMS integration?

    For 48V systems, use a 13S or 14S BMS. For 60V systems, use a 16S or 17S BMS. For 72V systems, use a 19S or 20S BMS. The 14S, 17S, and 20S configurations use the higher voltage per cell (3.65V absorption) and are recommended for electric motorcycle applications. CHISEN does not supply BMS but can recommend suppliers (Daly, JBD, ANT) for customers who do not have an established source.

    Is the 6-DZM suitable for solar storage?

    The 6-DZM is optimized for high-discharge traction duty, not for solar storage. For solar storage applications, the 6-DMF or the OPzV series is the correct choice. The 6-DZM would be over-spec and more expensive than necessary for solar duty.


    Ready to specify CHISEN 6-DZM for your electric motorcycle or high-power e-bike program?

    📧 Email: sales@chisen.cn

    🌐 www.chisen.cn

    📱 WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999

    💬 Request a free sample of the DZM series for high-power testing

  • Scooter Soft 01

    Your Electric Scooter Died Mid-Ride? 5 Real Reasons Behind Lead-Acid Battery Failure

    You’re three blocks from home, you accelerate through an intersection, and then — nothing. The scooter cuts out like someone pulled the plug. You’re stranded, pushing a 25kg machine down the sidewalk, wondering what just happened. This is one of the most common and most frustrating experiences for electric scooter riders worldwide — and more often than not, the culprit is hiding inside the battery compartment. In cities across Southeast Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas, riders face this exact scenario, and in the vast majority of cases, the issue traces back to the lead-acid battery that powers their vehicle.

    Lead-acid batteries are the workhorse of budget and mid-range electric scooters. They’re reliable, inexpensive, and relatively forgiving — but they have clear limits that every rider should understand. Understanding why your battery fails mid-ride is the first step to preventing it. Here are the five most common reasons this happens.

    The “Fully Charged” Myth: How Voltage Sag Tricks Your Scooter

    You plugged in last night, the charger showed green, and you hit the road with confidence. What you didn’t know is that a lead-acid battery can show 13-14V at rest immediately after charging, but drop to 10V under load — a phenomenon called voltage sag. A healthy 36V system (three 12V batteries in series) should stay above 31.5V under normal load. If it drops below 31V under acceleration, your battery is struggling. If it drops below 27V, the controller will cut power to protect the battery — and that’s your mid-ride shutdown.

    The scooter’s low-voltage cutoff typically kicks in at around 10.5V per 12V module. If your battery has degraded plates — from age, sulfation, or previous over-discharge — the voltage sag is severe enough to trigger this cutoff even when the dashboard still shows a full charge. The “full charge” you see is resting voltage, not load voltage. Under the high current draw of acceleration, the battery voltage collapses. This is one of the most commonly misdiagnosed battery failures — riders often believe their battery is fine because the indicator shows charge, when in reality the battery is barely able to deliver power under load.

    The fix: invest in a cheap multimeter ($10-15) and check battery voltage under load. Have a helper hold the scooter securely, set the meter to DC voltage, and watch the reading while twisting the throttle. If it drops below 10.5V per 12V module under acceleration, your battery has excessive internal resistance — from sulfation, age, or loose connections.

    electric-scooter-lithium-battery-pack-close-up.jpg

    Sulfation: The Silent Range Killer Costing You Kilometers Every Week

    Lead-acid batteries develop sulfation when they’re left partially discharged for extended periods. Sulfate crystals form on the battery plates, reducing the active surface area available for chemical reactions. A lightly sulfated battery loses capacity gradually — you might notice your range dropping from 30km to 25km, then to 20km. A severely sulfated battery can lose 50-80% of its rated capacity and develop enough internal resistance to overheat under load.

    Sulfation is the leading cause of premature lead-acid battery death in electric scooters, accounting for an estimated 60-70% of all battery failures. If your scooter has ever sat for more than two weeks without a full charge — and this happens often with seasonal riders, students who leave scooters in garages over holidays, or delivery riders who skip charging for a few days — there’s a good chance some degree of sulfation has already started.

    The colder the weather, the faster sulfation progresses. In Nordic countries, Canada, and northern China where winter temperatures regularly drop below 0°C, sulfation accelerates significantly. A battery that used to give you 30km of range in summer might deliver only 15km in winter — and sulfation is usually a significant contributor to this seasonal decline. The solution is straightforward: never leave your battery below 50% state of charge for more than 48 hours, and perform a full charge at least monthly, even during storage.

    Loose or Corroded Connectors: The Most Overlooked Cause of Power Cuts

    Not every mid-ride failure is a battery problem. The electrical connections between your battery pack and the scooter’s controller are just as critical as the battery itself. If the Anderson connectors, XT60 bullet terminals, or wiring harness are loose, corroded, or frayed, the scooter will experience intermittent power cuts that look exactly like battery failure.

    Corrosion appears as white, greenish, or bluish powder on the terminals. It’s caused by hydrogen gas interacting with moisture in the air, and it’s especially common in humid tropical climates (Southeast Asia, West Africa, the Caribbean), coastal cities (with salt air), and anywhere you’ve ever ridden in the rain. A loose connection doesn’t just cause power cuts — it generates heat at the resistance point, which can melt connectors or, in extreme cases, start an electrical fire.

    The solution takes 15 minutes: mix baking soda with water to create a paste, apply it to the corroded terminals with an old toothbrush, scrub thoroughly, rinse with clean water, dry completely, and apply a thin coat of petroleum jelly or commercial battery terminal anti-corrosion spray. Tighten all connections to proper torque. This single maintenance task eliminates an estimated 20-30% of apparent “battery failures” that are actually connector problems.

    Over-discharge: The Invisible Damage You Can’t Feel Until It’s Too Late

    Deep discharging a lead-acid battery below 10.5V per 12V unit (for a 36V system: below 31.5V total) causes irreversible damage to the plates. The active material sheds from the plate grids, the battery’s internal resistance increases permanently, and the capacity loss is cumulative and non-recoverable. What makes this especially dangerous is that you often don’t notice the damage until it’s too late — the scooter still starts and runs for a few minutes, then suddenly cuts out when the battery voltage collapses under load.

    Many riders unknowingly over-discharge their batteries by continuing to ride after the first low-battery warning. When you hear the scooter’s speed start to reduce — called torque limiting, when the controller deliberately reduces power to protect the battery — you’ve already stressed it significantly. The safe practice: when the first low-battery warning appears, find a charging point immediately. Continuing to ride from the first warning to complete cutoff can reduce your battery’s cycle life by 5-10% per incident.

    For delivery riders and commuters in high-traffic cities — whether navigating Bangkok’s gridlocked streets, Jakarta’s busy avenues, Lagos’s crowded markets, or Mexico City’s vast urban sprawl — the temptation to push through that warning is understandable. But the cost of one over-discharge event ($0 worth of replaced range gained) vs the cost of a premature battery replacement ($80-200) makes ignoring the warning a false economy.

    Physical Damage and Thermal Runaway: When to Stop Using Your Battery Immediately

    Lead-acid batteries are sealed, but they’re not indestructible. Physical damage from dropping the scooter, riding over large potholes, or storing the battery in extreme temperatures can rupture internal cells. Once a cell is breached, the battery begins venting electrolyte, losing capacity rapidly, and becoming a safety concern.

    In rare cases, thermal runaway can occur if a shorted cell generates heat faster than the battery can dissipate it. This is more common in older batteries, those that have been consistently overcharged, or batteries that have been physically damaged. Thermal runaway usually announces itself through warning signs well before a catastrophic failure: a strong sulfur smell, visible swelling or bulging of the battery case, the battery becoming abnormally hot to the touch during charging (above 45°C / 113°F), or hissing/gurgling sounds from within the case.

    If you notice any of these warning signs, stop using and charging the battery immediately. Disconnect it from the scooter (or bring the entire scooter to a service point), and do not attempt to open, puncture, or continue using the battery. In markets across the EU, UK, Australia, and the United States, there are specific disposal regulations for damaged lead-acid batteries — contact your local hazardous waste authority or return the battery to the place of purchase.

    The good news: with proper care and awareness, lead-acid batteries in electric scooters are remarkably reliable. The five failure modes above are all preventable or manageable with basic knowledge and consistent maintenance habits. Your battery will last longer, your range will be more predictable, and you’ll avoid the frustration of a mid-ride breakdown.


    Need the right replacement battery for your electric scooter?

    📧 Email: sales@chisen.cn

    🌐 www.chisen.cn

    📱 WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999

  • Reg 10 Eu Green Deal Industrial Battery Imports

    The Impact of the EU Green Deal on Industrial Battery Imports

    The EU Green Deal aims to make Europe climate neutral by 2050. For industrial battery importers, two mechanisms have direct cost implications: the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the Energy Transition.

    Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)

    CBAM places a carbon price on imported goods to prevent carbon leakage — where production moves to countries with weaker climate policies. Initially covering steel, cement, aluminum, fertilizers, electricity, and hydrogen. Battery manufacturing is under review for inclusion in Phase 2 (2026+).

    Implication: If batteries are included in CBAM, Chinese manufacturers may face carbon costs at the EU border unless they hold equivalent carbon pricing paid in China.

    Energy Transition Effects

    The EU’s push for electrification creates significant new demand for energy storage — both stationary (grid storage, UPS) and mobile (electric vehicles). Lead-acid batteries remain critical for UPS and grid stabilization applications where lithium costs are prohibitive.

    Due Diligence Directive

    The EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) requires large companies to assess and address human rights and environmental risks in their supply chains. This creates downstream pressure on battery suppliers.

    CHISEN’s compliance program addresses CSDDD requirements through supply chain mapping, risk assessment, and grievance mechanism documentation.

    FAQ

    Q: When might batteries be included in CBAM? A: Phase 2 (2026+) — batteries are under consideration. Monitor EU regulatory developments.

    Q: How does the Green Deal create battery demand? A: Grid stabilization, renewable energy storage, UPS for charging infrastructure — all create demand for lead-acid batteries in applications where cost and reliability trump energy density.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 09 Avoiding Greenwashing Supplier Verification

    Avoiding Greenwashing: How to Verify Your Supplier’s Environmental Claims

    Green marketing claims are everywhere. For B2B buyers making genuine sustainability commitments, unsubstantiated claims create reputational and compliance risk. Here is how to verify environmental claims.

    Red Flags in Environmental Marketing

    Vague claims: “Eco-friendly,” “green,” “sustainable” without specifics. No documentation: Claims unsupported by third-party verification. Misleading statistics: Selective use of data to flatter. Future promises: “Committed to X” without current evidence.

    How to Verify Environmental Claims

    1. ISO 14001 certification: Request the certificate and verify it with the issuing certification body.

    2. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): ISO 14040/14044 compliant LCA provides comprehensive environmental impact data. Request the LCA summary report.

    3. Third-party verification: Claims verified by accredited third parties (SGS, Bureau Veritas, TUV) carry significantly more weight.

    4. Specific metrics: Request specific data: recycled content percentage (with verification), carbon footprint (with methodology), waste generation (with units).

    Questions to Ask Suppliers

    • What percentage of your lead is recycled vs. virgin?
    • Can you provide ISO 14001 certification?
    • Do you have a published environmental policy?
    • What is your verified carbon footprint per unit?
    • Can you provide LCA summary data?

    CHISEN’s environmental documentation package provides all of the above.

    FAQ

    Q: What is the most reliable green certification? A: Third-party verified LCA (ISO 14040/14044) is the gold standard for environmental claims.

    Q: Is ISO 14001 certification mandatory? A: No — it is voluntary. But demanding it from suppliers establishes a quality baseline.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 08 Cadmium Arsenic Free Certifications

    Cadmium and Arsenic Free: Safety Certifications for Wholesale Lead-Acid

    B2B buyers increasingly require certifications confirming their batteries meet hazardous substance restrictions and safety standards. Understanding which certifications matter — and which to demand from suppliers — is essential for professional procurement.

    Hazardous Substance Restrictions

    StandardRegionKey Requirements
    RoHSEULead exemption applies to lead-acid
    REACH SVHCEULead listed — Article 33 communication required
    TSCAUSLead regulated — reporting required
    GB/TChinaNational standards for battery safety

    Key Certifications B2B Buyers Should Demand

    CE marking (EU): Confirms compliance with EU safety, health, and environmental requirements. Required for EU market access.

    UL certification (US): Underwriters Laboratories testing for safety. UL 1989 is the standard for standby lead-acid batteries.

    IEC 62660: Secondary lithium-ion and lead-acid battery testing standard for performance and reliability.

    UN38.3: Required for all battery shipments by air and sea. Tests battery safety under transport conditions.

    CHISEN Certification Portfolio

    CHISEN provides CE, UL (selected models), IEC test reports, UN38.3 documentation, and REACH Article 33 declarations for all international shipments.

    FAQ

    Q: Is RoHS certification needed for lead-acid batteries? A: Lead-acid batteries have an exemption from RoHS substance restrictions. CE marking is still required for EU market access.

    Q: What tests does UN38.3 cover? A: Altitude simulation, thermal cycling, vibration, shock, short circuit, impact, forced discharge. Required for all international battery shipments.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 07 California Core Charge Compliance

    California Battery Fee: Compliance Guide for US Lead-Acid Battery Importers

    California requires a refundable core charge on lead-acid batteries sold in the state. Understanding this requirement is essential for any distributor selling in the US market.

    The California Battery Fee

    California Public Resources Code Section 1501 requires a $1.50 to $5.00 core charge on all lead-acid batteries sold at retail in California. The fee is refundable when the old battery is returned.

    Who Must Comply

    Retailers: Must charge the core charge at point of sale and refund it when the old battery is returned.

    Importers: Must ensure batteries are properly marked with the California battery fee amount.

    Distributors: Must pass core charge requirements through the supply chain.

    Compliance Requirements

    Marking: Batteries must be marked with the core charge amount clearly displayed.

    Collection: Retailers must accept used lead-acid batteries at point of sale.

    Reporting: Quarterly reports to CalRecycle documenting batteries sold and cores collected.

    CHISEN supports US partners with California compliance documentation and marking requirements.

    FAQ

    Q: Does this apply to B2B sales? A: The California battery fee applies to retail sales. B2B sales between distributors may have different requirements depending on the transaction structure.

    Q: What is the current fee amount? A: $1.50-$5.00 depending on battery type and size. Verify the current amount with CalRecycle as rates are subject to adjustment.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 06 Circular Economy Lead Acid Recycling Rate

    The 99% Recycling Rate: Leveraging Lead-Acid’s Circular Economy for PR and Sales

    Lead-acid batteries are the most recycled consumer product in the world — with a recycling rate exceeding 99% in developed markets. This is a compelling environmental story that is underutilized in B2B marketing.

    The Recycling Rate Reality

    The 99% figure is accurate for the EU and North America. In the EU, the End-of-Life Battery Recycling Rate (EWBR) regulation requires a minimum recycling efficiency of 65% by weight for lead-acid batteries.

    What this means: For every 100kg of lead-acid batteries reaching end of life, at least 65kg is recycled back into new battery materials.

    Why the Rate Is So High

    Economic incentive: Lead is valuable — worth approximately $2,200-2,500 per tonne. Recyclers pay for batteries because the lead content is worth more than the processing cost.

    Regulatory framework: In the EU, US, and most developed Asian markets, lead-acid battery recycling is mandated by law. Collection infrastructure is mature and widespread.

    Using This for B2B Marketing

    Lead-acid’s recycling story supports multiple green marketing claims:

    • Circular economy positioning
    • Recycled content claims
    • Supply chain sustainability narratives
    • ESG reporting support

    Important: Always ensure any claims are substantiated by documentation. Recycled content certificates, third-party verification, and LCA data support credible green marketing.

    FAQ

    Q: Is the 99% rate global? A: The 99% applies to collected batteries in developed markets. Collection rates in some developing markets are lower — though the physics of lead value still drives high recycling where collection infrastructure exists.

    Q: Can I use this in my marketing? A: Yes — with documentation. CHISEN provides certificates supporting recycled content and environmental compliance claims.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 05 Low Carbon Lead Acid Esg Reporting

    How to Source ‘Low-Carbon’ Lead-Acid Batteries for ESG Reporting

    Corporate sustainability commitments are driving demand for low-carbon batteries. Understanding what “low-carbon” means for lead-acid — and how to verify it — is essential for B2B buyers with ESG targets.

    Scope 3 Category 1: Purchased Goods and Services

    For most companies, upstream battery manufacturing emissions are categorized under Scope 3 Category 1 (purchased goods and services). Lead-acid battery manufacturing typically represents 0.3-1.2% of a company’s total Scope 3 emissions.

    How to Verify Carbon Claims

    1. Request LCA documentation: Look for ISO 14040/14044 compliant life cycle assessment.

    2. Check recycled content: Higher recycled lead content = lower manufacturing carbon footprint. Request verification from an accredited third party.

    3. Verify carbon footprint data: CHISEN provides carbon footprint documentation for premium product lines based on ISO 14067 methodology.

    The Recycled Content Advantage

    A battery with 90% recycled lead content has approximately 50-60% lower manufacturing carbon footprint than one using 100% virgin lead.

    FAQ

    Q: How much do lead-acid batteries contribute to Scope 3? A: Typically 0.3-1.2% for most companies. But this varies widely by industry — fleet operators and logistics companies may see significantly higher contributions.

    Q: What documentation do I need for ESG reporting? A: LCA documentation, recycled content certificates, carbon footprint declarations. CHISEN provides these for all premium product lines.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 04 Producer Responsibility Europe Battery Recycling

    Producer Responsibility: Who Pays for Lead-Acid Battery Recycling in Europe?

    The EU Battery Regulation establishes extended producer responsibility (EPR) for all batteries placed on the EU market. Understanding the cost allocation is essential for European distributors and importers.

    The EPR Framework

    Producers (manufacturers and importers) bear financial responsibility for the end-of-life management of batteries they place on the market. This includes collection, treatment, and recycling costs.

    Collection Targets Under the EU Battery Regulation

    YearCollection Target
    202563% of batteries placed
    202763% (strengthened)
    203073% of batteries placed
    203573% (strengthened)

    What This Means for Importers

    Non-EU manufacturers must appoint an Authorized Representative in the EU to fulfill producer responsibility obligations. Alternatively, the EU importer assumes producer responsibility.

    Practical implications: Costs are passed through the supply chain. Lead-acid battery recycling costs approximately EUR 0.50-1.50 per unit for collection and recycling.

    CHISEN supports European partners with producer responsibility compliance documentation and authorized representative coordination.

    FAQ

    Q: Who pays for recycling if I buy from a Chinese manufacturer? A: The EU importer who first places the battery on the EU market bears producer responsibility.

    Q: How is collection organized? A: Through certified battery collection networks. Distributors must offer collection points for end-of-life batteries at point of sale.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn

  • Reg 03 Carbon Footprint Recycled Vs Virgin Lead

    Carbon Footprint: Recycled Lead vs. Virgin Lead Production

    One of the most compelling environmental arguments for lead-acid batteries: their near-closed-loop recycling system. What does the data show?

    The Carbon Footprint of Lead: By Source

    Lead SourceCO2e per TonneEnergy (GJ/tonne)
    Primary (mined) — average4,200 kg28
    Primary — best practice3,000 kg22
    Secondary (recycled) — avg800 kg5
    Secondary — best practice500 kg3.5

    Recycled lead emits approximately 5x less CO2 than virgin lead. Every tonne of secondary lead used avoids approximately 3.4 tonnes of CO2.

    Why the Gap Is So Large

    Virgin lead production: mining, concentrating, smelting at 1,100-1,200C. Secondary lead: battery breaking, lead paste desulfurization, smelting at 1,000-1,050C. The energy difference and the fact that secondary lead is already in metallic form create a massive advantage.

    Implications for ESG Reporting

    Using recycled lead in battery manufacturing provides verifiable Scope 3 emission reductions. CHISEN’s environmental documentation supports ESG reporting for customers with sustainability targets.

    FAQ

    Q: What is the typical recycled content in CHISEN batteries? A: Above 90% for premium product lines — verified by third-party certification.

    Q: How does this affect product carbon footprint? A: A battery using 90% recycled lead has approximately 50-60% lower manufacturing carbon footprint than an equivalent using 100% virgin lead.

    Need help? Contact CHISEN’s technical team.


    Email: sales@chisen.cn | WhatsApp: +86 131 6622 6999 | www.chisen.cn